08 - Advanced Linux Administration/Advanced Package Management.md

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+## In **Linux Mint**, package management is essential for installing, updating, and managing software. Let's explore some key tools and concepts:
+
+1. **APT (Advanced Packaging Tool)**:
+   - APT is the primary package manager for Debian-based systems, including Linux Mint.
+   - It handles software installation, removal, querying, and upgrades.
+   - Common APT commands:
+     - `sudo apt update`: Refreshes package lists from repositories.
+     - `sudo apt install package-name`: Installs a package.
+     - `sudo apt remove package-name`: Removes a package.
+     - `sudo apt upgrade`: Upgrades installed packages.
+     - `sudo apt search keyword`: Searches for packages.
+   - APT uses `.deb` packages and works alongside `dpkg`, which installs individual `.deb` files.
+
+2. **Synaptic Package Manager**:
+   - Synaptic is an advanced graphical package management tool.
+   - To install Synaptic:
+     ```
+     sudo apt install synaptic 
+     ```
+   - Launch it from the Applications menu or by typing `synaptic` in the terminal.
+
+Remember, APT and Synaptic empower you to manage software efficiently in Linux Mint! 😊🚀 ²³
+
+Source: Conversation with Copilot, 7/12/2024
+- [(1) How to Install and Update Apps on Linux Mint - UMA Technology.](https://umatechnology.org/how-to-install-and-update-apps-on-linux-mint/.)
+- [(2) How to Use APT Command in Linux [15 Useful Examples] - UbuntuMint.](https://www.ubuntumint.com/apt-commands/.)
+- [(3) Package Management Essentials: apt, yum, dnf, pkg.](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/package-management-basics-apt-yum-dnf-pkg.)

08 - Advanced Linux Administration/Disk Management and Partitions.md

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ Linux follows a standardized directory structure:
 - /etc: System configuration files
 - /var: Variable data (logs, temporary files)
 - /boot: Boot loader files
-- /mnt and /run/media: Mount points for removable devices
+- /mnt and /media: Mount points for removable devices
 
 ## 5. Common Disk Management Tools
 
@@ -60,8 +60,8 @@ Linux provides several tools for disk management:
 - fdisk: Partition table manipulator
 - parted: Versatile partition tool
 - lsblk: List block devices
-- df: Report "disk free" in bytes. add "-h" option for human readable
-- du: Estimate file space usage for current directory.  Add "-h" option for human readable file sizes.
+- df: Report file system disk space usage
+- du: Estimate file space usage
 
 ### b. Graphical tools:
 - GParted: GNOME Partition Editor
@@ -72,8 +72,6 @@ Linux provides several tools for disk management:
 ### a. Viewing disk information:
 ```
 lsblk
-```
-```
 fdisk -l
 ```
 
@@ -81,7 +79,7 @@ fdisk -l
 ```
 sudo fdisk /dev/sdX
 ```
-(Replace X with the appropriate letter).  Follow prompts inside fdisk to create new blank partition.
+(Replace X with the appropriate letter)
 
 ### c. Formatting a partition:
 ```
@@ -111,7 +109,7 @@ LVM allows for more flexible disk management, including:
 - Creating snapshots
 
 ### c. RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks):
-Linux supports software RAID for improved performance and data redundancy in hardware and software formats.
+Linux supports software RAID for improved performance and data redundancy.
 
 ### d. Encrypting partitions:
 Use LUKS (Linux Unified Key Setup) for full-disk encryption.
@@ -129,3 +127,10 @@ d. Monitor disk health: Use tools like smartctl to check for potential drive fai
 e. Keep your system updated: Regular updates can improve disk management tools and fix bugs.
 
 f. Be cautious with root privileges: Disk management often requires root access, so be careful to avoid accidental data loss.
+
+
+- [(1) How to Install GParted on Linux Mint 21 - Linux Genie.](https://linuxgenie.net/how-to-install-gparted-on-linux-mint-21/.)
+- [(2) Linux Mint View & Manage System Partitions: A Comprehensive Guide.](https://bytebitebit.com/tips-tricks/linux-mint-view-manage-system-partitions/.)
+- [(3) Linux Mint View Manage System Partitions: A Comprehensive Guide.](https://www.positioniseverything.net/linux-mint-view-manage-system-partitions/.)
+- [(4) Mastering Linux Disk Management: LVM and Disk Partitioning.](https://www.linuxjournal.com/content/mastering-linux-disk-management-lvm-and-disk-partitioning.)
+- [(5) How to Use Fdisk to Manage Partitions on Linux - How-To Geek.](https://www.howtogeek.com/106873/how-to-use-fdisk-to-manage-partitions-on-linux/.)

08 - Advanced Linux Administration/Networking File System.md

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+## Let's discuss **NTFS (New Technology File System)** and how to work with it in **Linux Mint**.
+
+1. **Mounting NTFS Partitions**:
+   - NTFS is the default file system for Windows systems, but we can also mount NTFS partitions in Linux to read and write data.
+   - To mount an NTFS partition, follow these steps:
+     - First, create a mount point using the `mkdir` command:
+       ``` 
+       sudo mkdir /mnt/ntfs
+       ```
+     - Next, use the `mount` command to mount the partition you want (e.g., `/dev/sdb2`):
+       ```
+       sudo mount -t ntfs-3g /dev/sdb2 /mnt/ntfs
+       ```
+     - To check if the partition is mounted, run:
+       ```
+       df -hT
+       ```
+     - Now you have read/write permissions for the NTFS partition you mounted¹².
+
+2. **Changing File Permissions on NTFS Partitions**:
+   - To apply Linux-compatible file permissions to an NTFS drive, modify the `/etc/fstab` file.
+   - Add the following line to `/etc/fstab`:
+     ```
+     /dev/sdb /mnt/ntfs ntfs uid=1000,gid=1000,dmask=022,fmask=133 0 0
+     ```
+     This line specifies that the `/dev/sdb` partition should be mounted as NTFS in the `/mnt/ntfs` directory.
+   - Remount the partition or reboot for the changes to take effect².
+
+Feel free to explore further or ask if you need additional assistance! 😊🚀
+
+Source: Conversation with Copilot, 7/12/2024
+- [(1) How to Mount NTFS Partition in Linux - phoenixNAP.](https://phoenixnap.com/kb/mount-ntfs-linux.)
+- [(2) Changing File Permissions on NTFS Partitions in Linux.](https://linuxconfig.org/changing-file-permissions-on-ntfs-partitions-in-linux.)
+- [(3) How to Mount and Access Windows NTFS Drives in Linux - MUO.](https://www.makeuseof.com/mount-ntfs-windows-drives-in-linux/.)
+- [(4) How to Mount an NTFS Partition - Linux Nightly.](https://linuxnightly.com/mount-ntfs-partition/.)
+- [(5) Linux mount ntfs or Access NTFS partition from Linux - nixCraft.](https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-mount-ntfs-or-access-ntfs-partition-from-linux/.)
+- [(6) How to mount NTFS partitions using Linux commands.](https://www.computerworld.com/article/1637061/how-to-mount-ntfs-partitions-using-linux-commands.html.)
+- [(7) NTFS Disk mounting in mint - Unix & Linux Stack Exchange.](https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/358229/ntfs-disk-mounting-in-mint.)
+- [(8) How to Mount NFS in Linux: A Step-by-Step Guide - Byte Bite Bit.](https://bytebitebit.com/operating-system/linux/how-to-mount-nfs-in-linux/.)

08 - Advanced Linux Administration/RAID and LVM.md

@@ -143,3 +143,11 @@ This setup provides the redundancy of RAID 5 with the flexibility of LVM.
 - Display PV info: `sudo pvdisplay`
 - Display VG info: `sudo vgdisplay`
 - Display LV info: `sudo lvdisplay`
+
+Remember, LVM provides flexibility, scalability, and ease of maintenance, while RAID enhances performance and data protection! 😊🚀
+
+Source: Conversation with Copilot, 7/12/2024
+- [(1) Complete Beginner's Guide to LVM in Linux [With Hands-on].](https://linuxhandbook.com/lvm-guide/.)
+- [(2) Linux Storage Management: LVM and RAID.](https://linuxhall.org/linux-storage-management-lvm-and-raid/.)
+- [(3) raid - RAIDing with LVM vs MDRAID - Unix & Linux Stack Exchange.](https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/150644/raiding-with-lvm-vs-mdraid-pros-and-cons.)
+- [(4) What is better LVM on RAID or RAID on LVM? - Server Fault.](https://serverfault.com/questions/217666/what-is-better-lvm-on-raid-or-raid-on-lvm.)

08 - Advanced Linux Administration/System Log Management (SystemD).md

@@ -7,94 +7,129 @@ journalctl is a command-line utility for querying and displaying logs from the s
 ## 2. Basic Usage
 
 ### To view all logs:
-`journalctl`
+```
+journalctl
+```
 
 ### To follow new log entries in real-time:
-`journalctl -f`
+```
+journalctl -f
+```
 
 ## 3. Filtering Logs
 
 ### By time:
-`journalctl --since "2024-01-01 00:00:00"`
-
-`journalctl --until "2024-01-31 23:59:59"`
-
-`journalctl --since "1 hour ago"`
-
+```
+journalctl --since "2024-01-01 00:00:00"
+journalctl --until "2024-01-31 23:59:59"
+journalctl --since "1 hour ago"
+```
 
 ### By service unit:
-`journalctl -u nginx.service`
-
-`journalctl -u ssh.service`
-
+```
+journalctl -u nginx.service
+journalctl -u ssh.service
+```
 
 ### By priority level:
-`journalctl -p err`
+```
+journalctl -p err
+```
 Priority levels: emerg, alert, crit, err, warning, notice, info, debug
 
 ### By kernel messages:
-`journalctl -k`
+```
+journalctl -k
+```
 
 ## 4. Output Formatting
 
 ### JSON output:
-`journalctl -o json`
+```
+journalctl -o json
+```
 
 ### Short output format:
-`journalctl -o short`
+```
+journalctl -o short
+```
 
 ### Verbose output:
-`journalctl -o verbose`
+```
+journalctl -o verbose
+```
 
 ## 5. Boot-specific Logs
 
 ### Current boot:
-`journalctl -b`
+```
+journalctl -b
+```
 
 ### Previous boot:
-`journalctl -b -1`
+```
+journalctl -b -1
+```
 
 ## 6. User-specific Logs
 
-`journalctl _UID=1000`
+```
+journalctl _UID=1000
+```
 
 ## 7. Disk Usage and Log Rotation
 
 ### View disk usage:
-`journalctl --disk-usage`
+```
+journalctl --disk-usage
+```
 
 ### Rotate logs:
-`journalctl --rotate`
+```
+journalctl --rotate
+```
 
 ### Vacuum old logs:
-`journalctl --vacuum-time=1week`
-
-`journalctl --vacuum-size=1G`
-
+```
+journalctl --vacuum-time=1week
+journalctl --vacuum-size=1G
+```
 
 ## 8. Remote Journal Access
 
 To access logs on a remote system:
-`journalctl -D /path/to/journal/directory`
+```
+journalctl -D /path/to/journal/directory
+```
 
 ## 9. Persistent Journal Storage
 
 ### Edit /etc/systemd/journald.conf:
-`Storage=persistent`
+```
+Storage=persistent
+```
 
 ### Restart journald:
-`sudo systemctl restart systemd-journald`
+```
+sudo systemctl restart systemd-journald
+```
 
 ## 10. Forwarding Logs to a Central Server
 
 ### Install rsyslog:
-`sudo apt install rsyslog`
+```
+sudo apt install rsyslog
+```
 
 ### Configure /etc/rsyslog.conf for forwarding:
-`*.* @@central-log-server:514`
+```
+*.* @@central-log-server:514
+```
 
 ### Restart rsyslog:
-`sudo systemctl restart rsyslog`
+```
+sudo systemctl restart rsyslog
+```
 
 ## 11. Security Considerations
 

08 - Advanced Linux Administration/User and Password Security

@@ -36,3 +36,12 @@
    - Regularly back up important files to an external location.
    - Use tools like **rsync**, **Deja Dup**, or cloud storage services¹.
 
+Remember, a combination of these practices helps maintain a secure Linux Mint environment. Feel free to explore further or ask if you need additional guidance! 😊🔒🚀
+
+Source: Conversation with Copilot, 7/12/2024
+- [(1) 10 practical tips for securing your Linux Mint system - FOSS Linux.](https://www.fosslinux.com/103872/secure-your-linux-mint-system.htm.)
+- [(2) How to reset a forgotten password for any user under Linux Mint 21 ....](https://www.thinkpenguin.com/gnu-linux/how-reset-forgotten-password-any-user-under-linux-mint-21.)
+- [(3) Linux Mint 20 [Essential Security Guide: Tools & Tweaks].](https://www.securitybind.com/secure-linux-mint/.)
+- [(4) How to Configure Linux Mint Login Window: A Step-by-Step Guide.](https://bytebitebit.com/tips-tricks/how-to-configure-linux-mint-login-window/.)
+- [(5) Changes to password policies – The Linux Mint Blog.](https://blog.linuxmint.com/?p=3013.)
+- [(6) en.wikipedia.org.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_Mint.)

09 - Linux Security Concepts/Filesystem Security (eCryptFS).md

@@ -17,14 +17,18 @@ Key features:
 
 On most Linux distributions, eCryptfs can be installed using the package manager:
 
-For Ubuntu/Debian:
-`sudo apt-get install ecryptfs-utils`
-
-For Fedora:
-`sudo dnf install ecryptfs-utils`
-
-For Arch Linux:
-`sudo pacman -S ecryptfs-utils`
+```bash
+# For Ubuntu/Debian:
+sudo apt-get install ecryptfs-utils
+```
+```bash
+# For Fedora:
+sudo dnf install ecryptfs-utils
+```
+```bash
+# For Arch Linux:
+sudo pacman -S ecryptfs-utils
+```
 
 ## 3. Setting up eCryptfs
 
@@ -62,11 +66,15 @@ mount -t ecryptfs ~/encrypted ~/encrypted
 
 ### - Unmounting:
 
-`umount ~/encrypted`
+```bash
+umount ~/encrypted
+```
 
 ### - Checking mount status:
 
-`mount | grep ecryptfs`
+```bash
+mount | grep ecryptfs
+```
 
 ## 5. Key Management
 
@@ -74,11 +82,15 @@ eCryptfs uses a passphrase to derive the encryption key. This passphrase is stor
 
 ### - Adding a key to the keyring:
 
-`ecryptfs-add-passphrase`
+```bash
+ecryptfs-add-passphrase
+```
 
 ### - Removing a key from the keyring:
 
-`keyctl purge user ecryptfs`
+```bash
+keyctl purge user ecryptfs
+```
 
 ## 6. Advanced Features
 
@@ -86,11 +98,15 @@ eCryptfs uses a passphrase to derive the encryption key. This passphrase is stor
 
 Create a file containing your mount options:
 
-`echo "passphrase_passwd=your_passphrase" > ~/.ecryptfsrc`
+```bash
+echo "passphrase_passwd=your_passphrase" > ~/.ecryptfsrc
+```
 
 Then mount using:
 
-`mount -t ecryptfs -o conf=~/.ecryptfsrc ~/encrypted ~/encrypted`
+```bash
+mount -t ecryptfs -o conf=~/.ecryptfsrc ~/encrypted ~/encrypted
+```
 
 ### - Using different encryption for different directories:
 
@@ -109,11 +125,15 @@ You can mount multiple eCryptfs directories with different encryption settings b
 
 If you can't mount the filesystem, check if the required kernel modules are loaded:
 
-`lsmod | grep ecryptfs`
+```bash
+lsmod | grep ecryptfs
+```
 
 If not present, load them:
 
-`sudo modprobe ecryptfs`
+```bash
+sudo modprobe ecryptfs
+```
 
 ## !!!If you forget your passphrase, there's no way to recover the data. Always keep secure backups!!!
 

09 - Linux Security Concepts/Network Security (OpenSSL).md

@@ -16,28 +16,36 @@ OpenSSL is a robust, full-featured open-source toolkit that implements the Secur
 OpenSSL is available for various operating systems. Here are basic installation instructions:
 
 - Linux: Most distributions come with OpenSSL pre-installed. If not, use package managers:
-  `sudo apt-get install openssl libssl-dev  # For Debian/Ubuntu`
-
-  `sudo yum install openssl openssl-devel   # For CentOS/RHEL`
+  ```bash
+  sudo apt-get install openssl libssl-dev  # For Debian/Ubuntu
+  ```
+  ```bash
+  sudo yum install openssl openssl-devel   # For CentOS/RHEL
+  ```
 
 - macOS: Use Homebrew:
-  `brew install openssl`
+  ```
+  brew install openssl
+  ```
 
 - Windows: Download the installer from the official OpenSSL website.
 
 ## 4. Basic OpenSSL Commands
 
 - Generate a private key:
-
-  `openssl genrsa -out private.key 2048`
+  ```bash
+  openssl genrsa -out private.key 2048
+  ```
 
 - Create a Certificate Signing Request (CSR):
-
-  `openssl req -new -key private.key -out certificate.csr`
+  ```bash
+  openssl req -new -key private.key -out certificate.csr
+  ```
 
 - Generate a self-signed certificate:
-
-  `openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:4096 -keyout key.pem -out cert.pem -days 365`
+  ```bash
+  openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:4096 -keyout key.pem -out cert.pem -days 365
+  ```
 
 ## 5. Implementing SSL/TLS in Network Applications
 

09 - Linux Security Concepts/Security Tools (Fail2Ban, AIDE).md

@@ -11,7 +11,10 @@ Fail2Ban is an intrusion prevention software framework that protects Linux syste
 - Updates firewall rules to block banned IPs
 
 ### Installation:
-`sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install fail2ban`
+```bash
+sudo apt-get update
+sudo apt-get install fail2ban
+```
 
 ### Configuration:
 - Main configuration file: `/etc/fail2ban/jail.conf`
@@ -53,7 +56,10 @@ AIDE is a file and directory integrity checker that detects unauthorized changes
 - Reports any discrepancies, indicating potential security breaches
 
 ### Installation:
-`sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install aide`
+```bash
+sudo apt-get update
+sudo apt-get install aide
+```
 
 ### Configuration:
 - Main configuration file: /etc/aide/aide.conf

09 - Linux Security Concepts/Understanding SELinux.md

@@ -18,13 +18,17 @@ SELinux operates in three modes:
 - Disabled: SELinux is turned off
 
 To check the current mode:
-`getenforce`
+```
+getenforce
+```
 
 To change modes temporarily:
-
-`setenforce 0` # Set to permissive
-
-`setenforce 1` # Set to enforcing
+```bash
+setenforce 0 # Set to permissive
+```
+```bash
+setenforce 1 # Set to enforcing
+```
 
 To change modes permanently, edit /etc/selinux/config and reboot.
 
@@ -39,11 +43,10 @@ system_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0
 ```
 
 To view contexts:
-
-`ls -Z` # For files
-
-`ps auxZ` # For processes
-
+```
+ls -Z # For files
+ps auxZ # For processes
+```
 
 ## 4. SELinux Policies
 
@@ -56,56 +59,84 @@ SELinux uses policies to define allowed actions. Two main policy types:
 Booleans are on/off switches that allow runtime customization of SELinux policies.
 
 To list all booleans:
-`getsebool -a`
+```
+getsebool -a
+```
 
 To change a boolean:
-`setsebool httpd_can_network_connect on`
+```bash
+setsebool httpd_can_network_connect on
+```
 
 To make the change persistent:
-`setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect on`
+```bash
+setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect on
+```
 
 ## 6. Troubleshooting SELinux
 
 - Check for denials:
-`ausearch -m AVC,USER_AVC,SELINUX_ERR -ts recent`
+```
+ausearch -m AVC,USER_AVC,SELINUX_ERR -ts recent
+```
 
 - Use SELinux troubleshooter:
-`sealert -a /var/log/audit/audit.log`
+```
+sealert -a /var/log/audit/audit.log
+```
 
 - Analyze SELinux logs:
-`grep "SELinux" /var/log/messages`
+```
+grep "SELinux" /var/log/messages
+```
 
 ## 7. File and Directory Labeling
 
 To change the SELinux context of a file or directory:
-`chcon -t httpd_sys_content_t /path/to/file`
+```
+chcon -t httpd_sys_content_t /path/to/file
+```
 
 To restore the default context:
-`restorecon -v /path/to/file`
+```
+restorecon -v /path/to/file
+```
 
 ## 8. Managing SELinux Modules
 
 List available modules:
-`semodule -l`
+```
+semodule -l
+```
 
 Enable a module:
-`semodule -e modulename`
+```
+semodule -e modulename
+```
 
 Disable a module:
-`semodule -d modulename`
+```
+semodule -d modulename
+```
 
 ## 9. Creating Custom SELinux Policies
 
 For complex environments, you may need to create custom policies:
 
 - Install policy development tools:
-`yum install selinux-policy-devel`
+```
+yum install selinux-policy-devel
+```
 
 - Write a policy module (.te file)
 - Compile and package the module:
-`make -f /usr/share/selinux/devel/Makefile`
+```
+make -f /usr/share/selinux/devel/Makefile
+```
 - Install the module:
-`semodule -i mymodule.pp`
+```
+semodule -i mymodule.pp
+```
 
 ## 10. SELinux and Containers
 
@@ -114,7 +145,9 @@ SELinux provides strong isolation for containers:
 - Prevents container processes from accessing host resources
 
 To run a container with a specific SELinux context:
-`docker run --security-opt label=type:svirt_lxc_net_t my_image`
+```
+docker run --security-opt label=type:svirt_lxc_net_t my_image
+```
 
 ## 11. Best Practices
 

10 - Containers and Vitrualization/Container Orchestration (Kubernetes, Docker Swarm).md

@@ -113,22 +113,34 @@ Basic steps:
 1. Install kubectl (Kubernetes command-line tool)
 2. Set up a Kubernetes cluster (e.g., using Minikube for local development)
 3. Deploy an application:
-   `kubectl create deployment my-app --image=my-app-image`
+   ```
+   kubectl create deployment my-app --image=my-app-image
+   ```
 4. Expose the deployment:
-   `kubectl expose deployment my-app --type=LoadBalancer --port=8080`
+   ```
+   kubectl expose deployment my-app --type=LoadBalancer --port=8080
+   ```
 5. Scale the deployment:
-   `kubectl scale deployment my-app --replicas=3`
+   ```
+   kubectl scale deployment my-app --replicas=3
+   ```
 
 ## 6. Setting Up and Using Docker Swarm
 
 Basic steps:
 1. Initialize a swarm:
-   `docker swarm init`
+   ```
+   docker swarm init
+   ```
 2. Join worker nodes to the swarm
 3. Deploy a service:
-   `docker service create --name my-service my-image`
+   ```
+   docker service create --name my-service my-image
+   ```
 4. Scale the service:
-   `docker service scale my-service=3`
+   ```
+   docker service scale my-service=3
+   ```
 
 ## 7. Best Practices for Container Orchestration
 

10 - Containers and Vitrualization/Kernel Virtualization (KVM).md

@@ -30,7 +30,9 @@ c) QEMU for hardware emulation.
 
 On most Linux distributions, you can install KVM using the package manager:
 
-`sudo apt install qemu-kvm libvirt-daemon-system libvirt-clients bridge-utils`
+```bash
+sudo apt install qemu-kvm libvirt-daemon-system libvirt-clients bridge-utils
+```
 
 ## 6. Creating and Managing VMs
 

10 - Containers and Vitrualization/Linux Containers LXC.md

@@ -13,12 +13,17 @@ LXC uses Linux kernel features such as cgroups, namespaces, and chroot to create
 ## 3. Installation
 To install LXC on most Linux distributions:
 
-`sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install lxc lxc-templates`
+```
+sudo apt-get update
+sudo apt-get install lxc lxc-templates
+```
 
 ## 4. Creating containers
 To create a new container:
 
-`sudo lxc-create -n mycontainer -t download -- -d ubuntu -r focal -a amd64`
+```
+sudo lxc-create -n mycontainer -t download -- -d ubuntu -r focal -a amd64
+```
 
 This creates a container named "mycontainer" using the Ubuntu Focal (20.04) template for amd64 architecture.
 

10 - Containers and Vitrualization/Working With Dockerfiles and Images.md

@@ -37,28 +37,40 @@ CMD ["python", "app.py"]
 
 To build an image from a Dockerfile:
 
-`docker build -t myapp:v1 .`
+```
+docker build -t myapp:v1 .
+```
 
 This command builds an image named "myapp" with the tag "v1" using the Dockerfile in the current directory.
 
 ## 4. Managing Docker Images
 
 List images:
-`docker images`
+```
+docker images
+```
 
 Remove an image:
-`docker rmi myapp:v1`
+```
+docker rmi myapp:v1
+```
 
 Tag an image:
-`docker tag myapp:v1 myapp:latest`
+```
+docker tag myapp:v1 myapp:latest
+```
 
 ## 5. Pushing and Pulling Images
 
 Push an image to a registry:
-`docker push username/myapp:v1`
+```
+docker push username/myapp:v1
+```
 
 Pull an image from a registry:
-`docker pull username/myapp:v1`
+```
+docker pull username/myapp:v1
+```
 
 ## 6. Multi-stage Builds
 
@@ -89,10 +101,14 @@ CMD ["myapp"]
 ## 8. Docker Image Inspection
 
 Inspect image details:
-`docker inspect myapp:v1`
+```
+docker inspect myapp:v1
+```
 
 View image history:
-`docker history myapp:v1`
+```
+docker history myapp:v1
+```
 
 ## 9. Optimizing Docker Images
 
@@ -109,13 +125,17 @@ View image history:
 - Azure Container Registry (ACR)
 
 To use a private registry, log in first:
-`docker login myregistry.azurecr.io`
+```
+docker login myregistry.azurecr.io
+```
 
 ##  11. Image Scanning and Security
 
 Use tools like Docker Scan, Clair, or Trivy to scan images for vulnerabilities:
 
-`docker scan myapp:v1`
+```
+docker scan myapp:v1
+```
 
 ## 12. Docker Image Versioning
 
@@ -130,6 +150,9 @@ Always tag your images with a specific version and avoid using only the "latest"
 
 Use tools like Hadolint to check your Dockerfile for best practices and potential issues:
 
-`hadolint Dockerfile`
+```
+hadolint Dockerfile
+```
 
 This guide covers the essentials of working with Dockerfiles and images. As you become more comfortable with these concepts, you can explore advanced topics like Docker Compose for multi-container applications and Docker Swarm or Kubernetes for container orchestration.
+

code-of-conduct.md

@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ members of the project's leadership.
 
 ## Attribution
 
-This Code of Conduct is adapted from the [Contributor Covenant Home](https://www.contributor-covenant.org/), version 1.4,
+This Code of Conduct is adapted from the [Contributor Covenant Home](hhttps://www.contributor-covenant.org/), version 1.4,
 available at [Code of Conduct](https://www.contributor-covenant.org/version/2/1/code_of_conduct/)
 
 For answers to common questions about this code of conduct, see