2025-07-24 22:27:13 -06:00
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# !
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2025-03-14 21:59:59 -06:00
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2025-03-19 19:23:44 -06:00
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> Reuse and expand the shell history in `sh`, Bash, Zsh, `rbash` and `ksh`.
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2025-03-14 21:59:59 -06:00
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> More information: <https://gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#Event-Designators>.
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- Substitute with the previous command and run it with `sudo`:
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`sudo !!`
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- Substitute with a command based on its line number found with `history`:
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`!{{number}}`
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- Substitute with a command that was used a specified number of lines back:
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`!-{{number}}`
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- Substitute with the most recent command that starts with a string:
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`!{{string}}`
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- Substitute with the arguments of the latest command:
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`{{command}} !*`
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- Substitute with the last argument of the latest command:
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`{{command}} !$`
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- Substitute with the last command but without the last argument:
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`!:-`
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- Print last command that starts with a string without executing it:
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`!{{string}}:p`
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